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Chiefs of Journalism

Benjamin Henry Day
   

   Benjamin was an American journalist during the 1800's. He was the owner of the first 'penny' newspaper, The New York Sun. This meant that society for the first time was able to afford the news. As a cause of growing subscription to the newspaper, Day fell back on writing fake articles, including the infamous "Moon Hoax" article, which depicted discovery of life on the moon.












Horace Greeley

  Horace Greeley, an American journalist was trained as a printer, but moved to become a journalist to work for the New York Tribune. He worked at the Tribune as an editor for 30 years. His main focuses were campaigns against tobacco, gambling, prostitution, and capital punishment. His main concerns were over the abolition of slavery, which is why many of his articles included this topic.








James Gordon Bennett

   James, an American journalist was the owner, founder, and the editor of the "New York Herald" . Bennett survived on a poor living for a large span of his life. He started in a various papers including the New York Enquirer and the Courier. After receiving growing attraction to his letters, he founded the short lived Globe and later on founded the New York Herald. His style of writing and reporting of gossip and scandal brought him great success.

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Important Documentary

The New York Sun
First successful penny newspaper, run by Benjamin Day, debuted on September 3, 1833.
Targeted the middle working class, and became popular for it's sensationalism and sometimes fabricated stories. Of course fabricated stories aren't allowed in today's papers, but the sensationalism writing still exists today.


The New York Herald

Along with the New York Sun, the New York Herald was a very famous penny newspaper, only that it impacted the way news reporters wrote their stories. Sensationalism descended in popularity and the New York Herald fed society with facts. Facts is what makes up today's news, world wide.


The New York Tribune
Owned by the legendary news editor of it's time, Horace Greeley, the New York Tribune was recognized as one of the most prominent newspapers during that period. It is noted for it's strong influence in political events including the national debate of the time, slavery. The New York Tribune influenced news reporting on political events, and may have very well have influenced the birth of CNN, Fox, and basically all major news in present society.

The New York Times
Founded in September 18, 1851by Henry Jarvis, Raymond ,and George Jones.
The newspaper slogan was "All the news that's fit to print". It mostly ran a series of articles exposing a corrupted American politician.



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Social, Economic, & Technological Changes

Social Changes
 Many Americans looked towards newspapers for entertainment and it was their connection to local news. Americans were fond of sensationalist style stories to feed their need for entertainment. This hunger lead some newspapers to fake and sometimes bend the truth on stories so they'd sell more.The Civil War occurred during this time period, and the importance of relaying information and keeping up to date with facts including battle outcomes, soldier deaths, and political occurrences was crucial to society.


Economic Changes
 As a journalism began to evolve and grow into a greater industry, the Industrial Revolution was taking place. Americans were inventing new ways to produce goods and services without as much labor required. Factories were mass produced to make goods, and as a result, the economy of the U.S grew. The penny press resulted from the Industrial Revolution, and because of it, more people were able to afford basic information regarding to the country.



Technological Changes
 The introduction of the telegraph caused dramatic change in the society of the 1800's. For the first time, people were able to transpose sentences and messages into series of dashes and dots that could travel cross thousands of miles in no time at all. This was crucial during the Civil War where the North were the only ones who had their hands on this technology, thus making it easier to relay messages to and from the battlefields.

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Works Cited

The New York Sun:
"New York Sun, The Sun and New York Press, The Sun, and The Weekly Sun - Chronicling America (The Library of Congress)." Historic American Newspapers - Chronicling America (The Library of Congress). Web. 09 Oct. 2011. <http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/essays/5/>.
Picture:
Molly Brown & Historic Denver Store | Home. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. <http://store.mollybrown.org>.


The New York Herald:
"Antebellum American, 1784-1865: Journalism." The University of North Carolina at Pembroke. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. <http://www.uncp.edu/home/canada/work/allam/17841865/history/journal.htm>
Picture:
"Tour Ads." The Rebelution. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. <http://www.therebelution.com/2006/02/rebelution-tour-ads.html>.


The New York Tribune and New York Times:
"Horace Greeley, Influential Editor Said Go West Young Man." 19th Century History. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. <http://history1800s.about.com/od/americanoriginals/p/hgreeleybio.htm>


Other pictures:
Civil War: "For the Civil War Buffs Out There." Out of the Jungle. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. <http://outofthejungle.blogspot.com/2011/05/for-civil-war-buffs-out-there.html>.


Industrial Revolution:"The Open Door Web Site : History : The Industrial Revolution : Introduction." The Open Door Web Site : Home Page. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. <http://www.saburchill.com/history/chapters/IR/001.html>.


The Telegraph: "170 Years of the Telegraph." Textually.org. Web. 09 Oct. 2011. <http://www.textually.org/textually/archives/2007/06/016420.htm>.

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